Wed, 20 Aug 2008 21:41:12 BST CiteULike: stefanherzog society http://www.citeulike.org/user/stefanherzog/tag/society CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/stefanherzog/article/711760 <i>Science, Vol. 312, No. 5781. (23 June 2006), pp. 1767-1770.</i><br /><br />Recent behavioral experiments aimed at understanding the evolutionary foundations of human cooperation have suggested that a willingness to engage in costly punishment, even in one-shot situations, may be part of human psychology and a key element in understanding our sociality. However, because most experiments have been confined to students in industrialized societies, generalizations of these insights to the species have necessarily been tentative. Here, experimental results from 15 diverse populations show that (i) all populations demonstrate some willingness to administer costly punishment as unequal behavior increases, (ii) the magnitude of this punishment varies substantially across populations, and (iii) costly punishment positively covaries with altruistic behavior across populations. These findings are consistent with models of the gene-culture coevolution of human altruism and further sharpen what any theory of human cooperation needs to explain. 10.1126/science.1127333 Costly Punishment Across Human Societies Joseph Henrich Richard Mcelreath Abigail Barr Jean Ensminger Clark Barrett Alexander Bolyanatz Juan Cardenas Michael Gurven Edwins Gwako Natalie Henrich Carolyn Lesorogol Frank Marlowe David Tracer John Ziker doi:10.1126/science.1127333 Science, Vol. 312, No. 5781. (23 June 2006), pp. 1767-1770. 2006-06-26T21:04:14-00:00 2006 Science 312 5781 1767 1770 cooperation culture punishment society http://www.citeulike.org/user/stefanherzog/article/546179 <i>Nat Rev Neurosci, Vol. 4, No. 2. (February 2003), pp. 149-153.</i> Neuroethics: an agenda for neuroscience and society. JD Moreno doi:10.1038/nrn1031 Nat Rev Neurosci, Vol. 4, No. 2. (February 2003), pp. 149-153. 2006-03-10T14:56:57-00:00 2003 Nat Rev Neurosci 1471-003X 4 2 149 153 neuroeconomics neuroethics neuroscience society