High yield production of graphene by liquid phase exfoliation of graphite

@misc{citeulike:2824690, abstract = {Graphene is at the centre of nanotechnology research. In order to fully exploit its outstanding properties, a mass production method is necessary. Two main routes are possible: large-scale growth or large-scale exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate graphene dispersions with concentrations up to \~{}0.01 mg/ml by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. This occurs because the energy required to exfoliate graphene is balanced by the solvent-graphene interaction for solvents whose surface energy matches that of graphene. We confirm the presence of individual graphene sheets with yields of up to 12\% by mass, using absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. The absence of defects or oxides is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron, infra-red and Raman spectroscopies. We can produce conductive, semi-transparent films and conductive composites. Solution processing of graphene opens up a whole range of potential large-scale applications from device or sensor fabrication to liquid phase chemistry.}, author = {Hernandez, Y. and Nicolosi, V. and Lotya, M. and Blighe, F. and Sun, Z. and De, S. and Mcgovern, I. T. and Holland, B. and Byrne, M. and Gunko, Y. and Boland, J. and Niraj, P. and Duesberg, G. and Krishnamurti, S. and Goodhue, R. and Hutchison, J. and Scardaci, V. and Ferrari, A. C. and Coleman, J. N. }, citeulike-article-id = {2824690}, eprint = {0805.2850}, keywords = {graphene, synthesis}, month = {May}, posted-at = {2008-05-23 09:28:07}, priority = {2}, title = {High yield production of graphene by liquid phase exfoliation of graphite}, url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/0805.2850}, year = {2008} }

TY - ELEC ID - citeulike:2824690 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2824690 TI - High yield production of graphene by liquid phase exfoliation of graphite N2 - Graphene is at the centre of nanotechnology research. In order to fully exploit its outstanding properties, a mass production method is necessary. Two main routes are possible: large-scale growth or large-scale exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate graphene dispersions with concentrations up to ~0.01 mg/ml by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. This occurs because the energy required to exfoliate graphene is balanced by the solvent-graphene interaction for solvents whose surface energy matches that of graphene. We confirm the presence of individual graphene sheets with yields of up to 12% by mass, using absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. The absence of defects or oxides is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron, infra-red and Raman spectroscopies. We can produce conductive, semi-transparent films and conductive composites. Solution processing of graphene opens up a whole range of potential large-scale applications from device or sensor fabrication to liquid phase chemistry. KW - graphene KW - synthesis AU - Hernandez, Y AU - Nicolosi, V AU - Lotya, M AU - Blighe, F AU - Sun, Z AU - De, S AU - Mcgovern, IT AU - Holland, B AU - Byrne, M AU - Gunko, Y AU - Boland, J AU - Niraj, P AU - Duesberg, G AU - Krishnamurti, S AU - Goodhue, R AU - Hutchison, J AU - Scardaci, V AU - Ferrari, AC AU - Coleman, JN PY - 2008/May/19/ UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/0805.2850 ER -