Breakdown of cortical effective connectivity during sleep.

by: M Massimini, F Ferrarelli, R Huber, SK Esser, H Singh, G Tononi

Science, Vol. 309, No. 5744. (30 September 2005), pp. 2228-2232.

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Abstract

When we fall asleep, consciousness fades yet the brain remains active. Why is this so? To investigate whether changes in cortical information transmission play a role, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation together with high-density electroencephalography and asked how the activation of one cortical area (the premotor area) is transmitted to the rest of the brain. During quiet wakefulness, an initial response (approximately 15 milliseconds) at the stimulation site was followed by a sequence of waves that moved to connected cortical areas several centimeters away. During non-rapid eye movement sleep, the initial response was stronger but was rapidly extinguished and did not propagate beyond the stimulation site. Thus, the fading of consciousness during certain stages of sleep may be related to a breakdown in cortical effective connectivity.

@article{citeulike:340792, abstract = {When we fall asleep, consciousness fades yet the brain remains active. Why is this so? To investigate whether changes in cortical information transmission play a role, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation together with high-density electroencephalography and asked how the activation of one cortical area (the premotor area) is transmitted to the rest of the brain. During quiet wakefulness, an initial response (approximately 15 milliseconds) at the stimulation site was followed by a sequence of waves that moved to connected cortical areas several centimeters away. During non-rapid eye movement sleep, the initial response was stronger but was rapidly extinguished and did not propagate beyond the stimulation site. Thus, the fading of consciousness during certain stages of sleep may be related to a breakdown in cortical effective connectivity.}, address = {Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, USA.}, author = {Massimini, M. and Ferrarelli, F. and Huber, R. and Esser, S. K. and Singh, H. and Tononi, G. }, citeulike-article-id = {340792}, doi = {10.1126/science.1117256}, issn = {1095-9203}, journal = {Science}, keywords = {consciousness, eeg, human, sleep, tms}, month = {September}, number = {5744}, pages = {2228--2232}, posted-at = {2005-10-04 16:38:23}, priority = {2}, title = {Breakdown of cortical effective connectivity during sleep.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1117256}, volume = {309}, year = {2005} }

RIS record

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:340792 L3 - citeulike-article-id:340792 TI - Breakdown of cortical effective connectivity during sleep. JF - Science VL - 309 IS - 5744 SP - 2228 EP - 2232 AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, USA. SN - 1095-9203 N2 - When we fall asleep, consciousness fades yet the brain remains active. Why is this so? To investigate whether changes in cortical information transmission play a role, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation together with high-density electroencephalography and asked how the activation of one cortical area (the premotor area) is transmitted to the rest of the brain. During quiet wakefulness, an initial response (approximately 15 milliseconds) at the stimulation site was followed by a sequence of waves that moved to connected cortical areas several centimeters away. During non-rapid eye movement sleep, the initial response was stronger but was rapidly extinguished and did not propagate beyond the stimulation site. Thus, the fading of consciousness during certain stages of sleep may be related to a breakdown in cortical effective connectivity. KW - consciousness KW - eeg KW - human KW - sleep KW - tms AU - Massimini, M AU - Ferrarelli, F AU - Huber, R AU - Esser, SK AU - Singh, H AU - Tononi, G PY - 2005/09/30/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1117256 ER -

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